Dr Gillian with a patient

Keywords: chronic thrush, yeast infections, candida, recurring yeast infections, bladder dysfunction, UTI symptoms, vaginal itching, thrush symptoms


Let’s talk about Gemma. She’s 34 and has been struggling with what she describes as a ‘weak bladder’ for two years. She experiences increased urinary frequency, constant stinging sensations when she pees, and occasional leakage when she coughs. Despite seeing her GP and even a urologist, all the tests have come back clear, with no obvious cause for her ongoing symptoms.

But that’s not the whole story. Gemma has also been dealing with frequent vaginal itching, which flares up before her period and eases off slightly once she starts to bleed. Sex has become so uncomfortable that she’s almost resigned herself to the idea that it might never improve. What’s going on here? It turns out Gemma’s chronic thrush infection is not only causing vaginal discomfort but also contributing to her bladder dysfunction and that constant ‘UTI’ feeling.


Understanding Chronic Thrush and Yeast Infections

Chronic thrush, or a recurring yeast infection, is more complex than just the occasional bout of thrush. To understand why, let’s take a look at some key facts about yeast infections and how they can become chronic, like in Gemma’s case.

  • Candida and Thrush
    Around 1 in 5 women carry the Candida yeast responsible for most thrush infections, but only a small percentage go on to develop chronic yeast infections. Yeasts thrive on oestrogen, so they’re most active during the reproductive years or when women are on HRT.
  • Thrush and Blood Sugar
    High blood sugar or high urine glucose can promote yeast growth, particularly in older women or those with poorly controlled diabetes. If you experience recurrent episodes of thrush, it’s worth getting your blood sugar levels checked.
  • Acute vs. Chronic Thrush
    There’s a big difference between an occasional bout of acute thrush and the more persistent chronic thrush. A quick dose of Canesten might treat the former, but chronic thrush requires a longer-term, more comprehensive approach.
  • Antibiotics and Thrush
    Frequent use of antibiotics for unrelated infections, like sinusitis, sore throat, chest infections or UTIs, can disturb the balance of bacteria in your body, making it easier for yeast to grow.
  • Thrush Can Run in Families
    There seems to be a genetic component to yeast infections, with some women being more prone to them due to how their bodies interact with vaginal flora. If your mother or sister has struggled with thrush, you might find yourself more susceptible too.

What to Do About Chronic Thrush

If you relate to Gemma’s story, you’re not alone. Chronic thrush can significantly impact your quality of life, affecting everything from bladder function to sexual comfort. It’s essential to recognise when thrush symptoms need more than just over-the-counter treatments and to seek proper medical advice.


Key Takeaways: Thrush Is Treatable

Chronic yeast infections don’t have to be something you live with indefinitely. By understanding the root causes—whether it’s hormonal changes, blood sugar, or the effects of antibiotics—chronic thrush can be managed with a tailored treatment plan. If you’ve been battling recurrent thrush, it’s time to speak with your GP for a more personalised solution.